Relationship Between Organizational Culture And Strategic Management Commerce Essay

Connection Between Organizational Culture And Strategic Management Commerce Essay The vision driven system, technique driven culture. Undertakings must set an objectives, and afterward accomplish it. Objectives must be bolstered by key, execution of the methodology requires the help of the confidence. Subsequently, there is exceptionally close connection between authoritative culture and procedure. The basically in the accompanying angles: To begin with, fantastic corporate culture is a significant condition for the plan of corporate procedure and can feature the attributes of the endeavors, the arrangement of the basic estimations of the corporate individuals, and the corporate culture has a particular character, assist organizations with creating distinctive the technique of overcoming the foe. Second, the corporate culture is a significant methods for execution of the corporate technique. After corporate methodology improvement, it requires all individuals from the dynamic and successful execution, is the corporate culture arranged, imperative, attachment, inspiration and radiation impact, invigorate the excitement of representatives, bound together corporate individuals will mutually endeavor to accomplish the undertakings objectives. The Third is that corporate culture and corporate technique must adjust to one another, common coordination and system improvement, corporate culture should change with the new plan of methodology, nonetheless, to change corporate culture is exceptionally troublesome once the hierarchical culture is shaped, Therefore, from the perspective of the usage of the procedure, the corporate culture to the execution of the corporate system, will confine, that the corporate culture has more prominent inflexibility and a specific congruity, upgraded step by step during the time spent undertaking advancement. The execution of the corporate procedure. undertakings in significant changes must be considered with the fundamental nature and status of the relationship, on the grounds that the essential nature and status of the endeavor is to decide the premise of the corporate culture, simultaneously to assume existing corporate faculty job in guaranteeing the usage of progress in the first culture co nditions. senior corporate supervisors to concentrate on to be viewed as good with the first undertaking society change, don't break the set of accepted rules, at that point the organizations have shaped. In synopsis, the examination of the undertakings in vital administration, corporate culture ought to be given enough consideration just corporate culture and key task to carry out so as to empower endeavors to better turn of events.( Jing, L. 2007) Meaning of vital administration Vital administration is the manangement of an associations by and large reason, to guarantee that the necessities and empowering agents of the present are adjusted with those of things to come From the perspective on the future advancement of ventures, key as an arrangement, and from the perspective on the course of improvement previously, the procedure as a Pattern. In the event that you take a gander at the mechanical level, the vital exhibition as a Position, take a gander at the endeavor level. System as a Perspective. ( Peter F ¼Ã… ½Drucker) i.e: Through investigation, determining, arranging, control, and different intends to accomplish the full bit of leeway of the undertaking, budgetary, and material assets, so as to accomplish ideal administration, improve financial productivity purposes. ( Chris .J2008) The significance of vital administration for an organization and for what reason is significant. Because of vital administration makes the develop and advancement into an evolving situation, the f the board work use by the future pattern as their fundamental of settling on choice, so it makes the chief of big business to concentrate on research of working condition, appropriately decide the improvement course of an organization and to choose reasonable activity region or advertising region, consequently ready to get the opportunity for outside condition, and upgrade the versatility of the business exercises of the outer condition, and therefore to accomplish the best blend of the two. i.e: Wal-Marts yearly deals surpassed $ 40 billion, one of the universes huge scope retail endeavors. Their effective is most rely upon their business key: One-quit shopping (1)Free Parking: Shenzhen Sams business region in excess of 12,000 square meters, almost 400 free parking spots, while another business region of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ã£ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹over 17.8 thousand square meters Wal-Mart mall additionally has around 150 parking spots. (2) The store utilizes experts to clients free guidance about PCs, cameras, video recorders and their related supplies, to help decrease the dangers of aimlessly purchase. Noble cause Wal-Mart so as to give more advantages to clients, while attempting to decrease the expense of publicizing, for limited time innovative a great deal of thought, and endeavor to get the best impact with least capital venture. Spread Wal-Mart brand the board methodology, select an assortment of retail frames for the various evaluations of the objective buyers. It is a result of Wal-Marts all-round assault, hold onto the high-and low-end advertise, so Wal-Mart supplanted Sears has cleared all through the United States, to turn into the first in the retail brand. Its own image Wal-Mart has been dynamic in the Chinese market advancement and advancement of Wal-Marts own image, propelled a high caliber and cost less expensive own image stock, covering food, family unit products, dress, footwear and other leader category.(Soderquist, D. 2005) Meaning of authoritative culture: The authoritative culture is the aggregate of the ventures in the development and improvement of material human advancement and profound progress. Counting the association and the executives of both equipment and programming, unequivocal social and certain social Authoritative culture is framed by the association in the drawn out endurance and improvement of association explicit, and the aggregate of the objective worth is the association most individuals adhere to the best expectations, the fundamental convictions and conduct standards in the association reflects In particular: hierarchical culture is the general term for associations of all individuals from the usually acknowledged values㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ã£ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹, sets of accepted rules, cooperation, perspective, work style, mental desires and sentiments of having a place feeling of network. About the idea of corporate culture, there are a wide range of comprehension and articulation: (1) The corporate culture is continuously shaped in the working gatherings of the detail. (2) The corporate culture is the qualities à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ã£ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹espoused as a business major. (3) Corporate culture is the motivation behind the guide ventures to build up the strategy of representatives and clients. (4) The corporate culture is looked for in the undertaking rivalry for endurance guideline, the new representatives to the endeavor employed must ace the inward standards. (5) The corporate culture is an approach to pass on the inclination or air inside the article format, just as corporate individuals managing clients or other outside individuals. (6) corporate culture is the conventional climate of an organization culture, it implies that the organization esteems, for example, forceful, cautious or adaptable these qualities à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ã£ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹constitute of organization workers essentialness, suppositions and conduct standards. Chiefs actually, these standards and impart in workers from age to age. (7) corporate culture is a business shaped a social generalizations and authentic custom, a typical worth models, morals and life data, bound together the different interior powers in a typical managing belief system and under the working way of thinking, united to a typical bearing. (8) The corporate culture is a blend of financial noteworthiness and social centrality, alludes to the development of qualities à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ã£ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹in the corporate world, the set of principles in the group and network social impacts. It doesn't allude to the development of information, yet rather alludes to the disposition of the individuals of information; than benefit, however benefit mental; than relational connections, yet relational fundamental abilities epitomized in human way of thinking. The corporate culture is an entrance in the exercises of the considerable number of things, it ethics. (9) The corporate culture is the essential data of the business association, the fundamental qualities à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ã£ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹and the essential perspective on the inward and outer condition, is a set of principles to submit to all the individuals from the endeavor and convictions, esteem framework and managing the individuals occupied with crafted by philosophical ideas. (10) corporate culture, creation and activity and the board exercises with the soul of the endeavor highlights to make riches and physical structure in certain social and verifiable conditions. It incorporates social mentalities, values, business enterprise, morals, set of principles, history, convention, venture framework, social condition, endeavor items, and so forth.. Qualities à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ã£ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹are the center of the corporate culture. i.e: 1. American researcher John Kotter and James Heskett, corporate culture alludes to the different divisions in an undertaking, or if nothing else those business administrators who have corporate qualities à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ã£ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹and working practices. Alludes to the different divisions of the endeavor portion, or situated in various geological condition offices have the sort of normal social wonder.( John P. Kotter,James L.1992.) 2. Tres Deere and Alan Kennedy accepts that corporate culture esteems, legends, customs, functions, social systems, undertaking condition. 3. William Ouchi, the corporate culture is forceful, cautious, adaptability that decide the qualities à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ã£ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹of the exercises, perspectives and personal conduct standards. The job of hierarchical culture The corporate culture is another hypothesis of current enter

Can SSRIs Make You Fall Out of Love

Can SSRIs Make You Fall Out of Love Depression Treatment Medication Print Can SSRIs Make You Fall Out of Love? By Nancy Schimelpfening Nancy Schimelpfening, MS is the administrator for the non-profit depression support group Depression Sanctuary. Nancy has a lifetime of experience with depression, experiencing firsthand how devastating this illness can be. Learn about our editorial policy Nancy Schimelpfening Updated on February 04, 2020 Jamie Grill/Getty Images More in Depression Treatment Medication Causes Symptoms Diagnosis Types Childhood Depression Suicide Have you ever felt like your antidepressant has killed more than just your ability to orgasm? Like its killed all your feelings of love for your partner as well? Helen Fisher, an anthropologist at Rutgers University, believes that SSRIs may block your ability to feel love. SSRIs work by raising your levels of serotonin, but they also lower levels of dopamine. Dopamine is the neurotransmitter responsible for all those feel-good emotions you get when you fall in love. When dopamine levels drop and those feelings disappear you may mistakenly believe that your love has also disappeared. This effect, sometimes called emotional blunting, can also include such symptoms as feeling less empathetic, less able to cry and less able to experience the same degree of positive emotion as one normally would. Emotional blunting also seems to be connected to sexual side effects, such as decreased libido and difficulty with orgasm.   One particular study found that about 80 percent of people who experienced antidepressant-related sexual problems also reported having emotional blunting. Unfortunately for people in romantic relationships, a loss of sexual desire coupled with a decreased ability to feel strong emotions can leave them feeling as if they are no longer in love. This effect is not permanent, however.     According to Ronald Pies, MD, there are certain steps which can help patients who are experiencing emotional blunting with their antidepressant.   He suggests that the answer lies in either lowering their dose, changing them to a different medication (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are the most common cause of emotional blunting) or perhaps giving them an additional medication which can counteract this side effect. If you are considering stopping your medication because of this side effect, or any other, you should be aware that abruptly stopping your medication without first obtaining your doctors advice can be a bad idea.   Many people will find that their depression returns, or perhaps even gets worse, upon stopping their medication.   In addition, it may be necessary to either taper off your medication slowly or switch to a different medication in order to prevent discontinuation syndrome.   This syndrome is a cluster of unpleasant symptoms, including strange sensations, dizziness, aches and upset stomach, which many people experience as the antidepressant leaves their body.

Literature Review Nami Is A Not For Profit Organization

Literature Review NAMI is a not-for-profit organization that seeks to change the image of mental illness and advance the care and treatments that they can receive. It was formed to change to public and professional views on the issue. The main focus is changing the characterizations of the mentally ill from negative to positive. It was founded in 1979 because the mentally ill have been historically misunderstood. In the three decades that it has been in place they have found a spot on both the public and governmental level. NAMI and other advocates created a film in 2002, A Beautiful Mind, which won an academy award for best picture. The movie is about a man that that has a mental illness and it talks about his life and how he copes with†¦show more content†¦If this work continues it will be a great growing process for the broken mental illness system (p. 80-82). A National Survey of Mental Health Services Available to Offenders with Mental Illness: Who Is Doing What was a study conducted by Bewley and Morgan (2011). This is a study that shows prison inmates that are male with mental illness. There were participants from 165 state correctional facilities. They focused on six goals that were considered to be most important in the work. The six goals were mental illness recovery, emotions management, institutional functioning, re- entry, risk-need, and personal growth. Within the goals they provided services that were effective across 4 key treatments. The treatments were mental illness, skill development, behavioral functioning and criminogenic needs. Individual therapy was the most popular type of facilitations that was seen across the board. One example was stress and anger management, with 50 and 58 percent of the people choosing and liking the individual therapy. NAMI would be able to step in with lives of the prisoners. There could possibly be a higher percent for both therapies rather than just one (p. 351-363). In the article, Changing Stigmatiz ing Perceptions and Recollections about Mental Illness: The Effects of NAMI’s In OurShow MoreRelatedLiterature Review : Nami Is A Not For Profit Organization1873 Words   |  8 PagesLiterature Review NAMI is a not-for-profit organization that seeks to change the image of mental illness and advance the care and treatments they receive. It was formed to change to public and professional views on the issue. The main focus is to destigmatize the diseases of the mind and change the characterizations of the mentally ill from negative to positive. It was founded in 1979 because the mentally ill have been historically been misunderstood. In the three decades that it has been in place

The Role of Women in the Odyssey Essay - 1212 Words

The Role of Women in The Odyssey Homer wrote the classic epic The Odyssey more than 2,500 years ago. At that time in ancient Greek society, as well as in the whole of the ancient world, the dominant role was played by men. Society was organized, directed, and controlled by men, and it was accepted that women occupied a subservient and inferior position. Women, of course, were valued, but were expected to possess certain traits and perform certain tasks that men demanded of them. Does Homers writing in The Odyssey support or refute the common belief of his time regarding women? Homer endorsed the dominating belief of his time concerning women by treating the female characters unequally and differently compared to the male characters in†¦show more content†¦However, Odysseus, after encountering his mother, Anticleia, in Hades and discovering that Penelope was still alive and faithful to him, he still slept with Calypso! When he then returned to Ithaca and was reunited with Penelope, he told her of his encount ers with Circe and Calypso without hesitation or shame! Another example of how the rules and expectations for women did not apply to men in The Odyssey is when Eumaeus, the loyal swine herdsman of Odysseus, recounts how he came to Ithaca as a captive of a slave woman, Phoinikia. This woman was seduced by a roaming seafarer who, #8230;made such love to her as women in their frailty are confused by, even the best of them.; The god Artemis later kills Phoinikia for her treachery.; Odysseus is doing nothing wrong when, despite knowing his wife was alive and faithful, commits adultery with two other women. However, it would most likely be unforgivable to Odysseus if Penelope had been unfaithful and remarried not knowing whether her husband was still alive, and desperately needing a husband. Male seducers are represented by boys sowing their oats; a normal part of male life. Seduced females are viewed, however, as weak, frail, and treacherous. These examples speaks volumes about Homers view regarding the inequalities between men and women in his epic. Many times throughout The Odyssey men speak condescendingly toShow MoreRelatedRole of Women in the Odyssey1201 Words   |  5 PagesThe Role of Women in The Odyssey The Odyssey, by Homer, is an epic poem based on the story of an ancient Greek hero, Odysseus, and his twenty year journey—ten years spent fighting in the Trojan War and the other ten spent traveling home. In the poem, Homer presents the theme of the role and nature of women. Men were the dominant gender in ancient Greece, and women, who were inferior, were only valued for their beauty and their ability to reproduce. However, in this poem, Homer both exemplifiesRead MoreThe Odyssey : The Role Of Women In Homers Odyssey966 Words   |  4 Pagesinteractions. The Odyssey portrays what is right or wrong in relationships between god and mortal, father and son, and man and woman. In the epic poem, the role of women is a vital demonstration of Ancient Greece. The women in the epic are unique in their personality, motives, and relationships towards men. In Homers, The Odyssey, all women are different, but all of them help to represent the role of the ideal woman. Homers epic describes the world of women in Ancient Greece, a time where women were seenRead MoreEssay On The Role Of Women In The Odyssey739 Words   |  3 PagesImagine living at a time in which women were only seen as second-class or lesser beings. The Odyssey, by Homer, is an epic poem based on the story of an ancient Greek hero known as Odysseus. The Story follows his twenty-year journey, ten spent fighting the war, and the other ten spent getting home. Throughout the Poem, Homer presents the roles and nature of women. In The Odyssey, Greek society is controlled by men, while women face an entrenched societal expectation to be subservient and loyal withoutRead MoreCultural Role of Women in the Odyssey1025 Words   |  5 Pages   The cultural role of women in the Odyssey In Homer’s Odyssey the cultural relevance of a preferred woman’s role in society generally stands out in the roles of the female characters of Athena and Penelope simultaneously rejecting the negatively viewed characteristics of Calypso and Circe. The entire structure of Ancient Greek culture boasts its men in more superior roles than that of women. Greek society was largely built upon an idea that good women were only around to faithfully serve andRead MoreRole of Women in the Odyssey Essay1582 Words   |  7 Pagesmasculine point of view† (Ibsen). This saying also applied to the times of the Odyssey, an epic constructed by the blind, eight century B.C.E. poet, Homer. As one of the few representatives of ancient Greek social order, the blind, Homer witnessed women as substandard to men, regardless of their actions; many of them existed as seductresses, prostitutes, or slaves. He engraved into his poem women’s role s; the roles of women, as mothers, wives, seductresses, and goddesses are exemplified in this epicRead MoreThe Role Of Women In Homers Odyssey1165 Words   |  5 Pages The Role of Women In The Odyssey In literature, are women used as important roles or only used as love interests and for their beauty? This question has been around for a long time and there is still no clear answer. One literary example is the women characters in Homer’s The Odyssey- the ancient Greek epic of Odysseus and his journey home to Ithaka. When on his journey, Odysseus meets many women who are ultimately used as alluring characters to distract Odysseus on his journey home. ThroughoutRead More The Role of Women in Homers The Odyssey Essay695 Words   |  3 PagesThe Role of Women in Homers The Odyssey Women form an important part of the folk epic, written by Homer, The Odyssey. Within the story there are three basic types of women: the goddess, the seductress, and the good hostess/wife. Each role adds a different element and is essential to the telling of the story. The role of the goddess is one of a supernatural being, but more importantly one in a position to pity and help mortals. Athena, the goddess of wisdom,Read MoreRole of Women in the Odyssey Essay examples810 Words   |  4 PagesNatasha Castillo October 3, 2012 Role of Women in â€Å"The Odyssey† â€Å"The Odyssey† by Homer is an epic poem about Odysseus’ return to his wife and son in Ithica after the Trojan War. Women play an exceptionally large role in this epic poem. Odysseus’s son, Telemachus attempts to gain authority in the presence of the suitors but it is difficult. Especially once he goes on his own journey under the guidance of Athena. Throughout the epic poem however, the women play their roles as mothers, servants, seductressesRead More The Role of Men and Women in Homers The Odyssey 1173 Words   |  5 PagesWho is the ideal Greek man? It can be argued that through the illustration Homer weaves throughout the Odyssey, Odysseuss character traits cast a lens as a prime example of a man in ancient Greek society. He appears to be brave, intelligent, well-spoken, and clever. Much of his knowledge is discovered by his travels, absorbing the local culture around him and using it as a guide. Aristocratic and a warrior. Perhaps the best warrior of al l time. It is the Iliad which presents these attributes initiallyRead MoreThe Demeaning Role Of Women In Homers The Odyssey1280 Words   |  6 PagesThe Odyssey is one of two poems written by Homer describing the drama of the Trojan War, more specifically, the catastrophic journey of the hero Odysseus back home. Throughout the tales, female characters exhibit the many and diverse roles of Greek women, and also their significance in a world dominated by immortal beings.   Like countless others, the goddess Calypso’s beauty and elegance could be the cause of circumstances both good and evil. Calypso is remembered most for keeping Odysseus as a prisoner

Parliamentary and Presidential Forms of Government Free Essays

The White House, home of the president of the United States. Egyptian Courts Suspend Parliamentary Elections * * Parliamentary System 1. Intimacy between the Executive and the Legislature: Under this system there is a close relationship between the Executive and the legislature. We will write a custom essay sample on Parliamentary and Presidential Forms of Government or any similar topic only for you Order Now The members of the Executive, i. e. , the Prime Minister and his cabinet colleagues are also the members of the legislature. They in fact enjoy the support of the majority in the legislature. Thus the Prime Minister and his cabinet can pass, amend or repeal any type of law with the support of subservient majority in the legislature. In this way, the executive and the legislative branches of the Government work in close harmony. The Executive not only runs the administration but also makes law. 2. Responsibility to the legislature: In this system, the executive is responsible and accountable to the legislature for all its acts of omission and commission. The legislature can remove a cabinet by passing a vote of no-confidence against it whenever it so desires. Moreover, the legislature exercises its control over the executive through interpellation, adjournment motions so on and so forth. . Gap between Practice and Theory: In a Parliamentary System, there is always a gap between law and fact. According to law, all powers of the Government are vested in the Chief Executive head who may be President as in India or Governor General as in Canada or King or Queen as in U. K. In actual fact all his powers are exercised by the Cabinet which is created out of the majority party in the legislature. The Chief Executive head is just an ornamental head or figure head. All real and effective authority is exercised by the Cabinet. The parliament gov is elected by the legislature. Presidential System 1. Separation between the Executive and the Legislature: The executive and the legislative branches of the government under the system are separate and independent of each other. The Executive which generally consists of a President and a cabinet subordinate to him runs the administration of the country. It has nothing to do with law-making. The President or his ministers are neither the members of the legislature nor do they enjoy any support of a majority in it. Sometimes, the President may belong to one Party and another Party may have a majority in the legislature and both may run at cross purposes. The fact is clear from the working of this system in U. S. A. 2. Presidential Executive is not responsible to the Legislature: Under this system the Executive is independent of the legislature and is not responsible to it. The President has a fixed tenure of office and cannot be removed by an adverse vote in the legislature. The ministers are appointed and dismissed by the President himself and the Legislature cannot touch them. Since none of them is a member of the Legislature, they cannot be subjected to any parliamentary criticism. 3. No Gap between Practice and Theory: Under this system, there is no such gap between law and fact. The Chief Executive head is the President in whom executive authority is vested by the constitution. He controls effectively his cabinet, which works under him and acts according to his wishes. This fact is clearly illustrated in the working of the Presidential System in the U. S. A. The presidential gov is elelected by us.. (citizens) How to cite Parliamentary and Presidential Forms of Government, Papers

2001 A Space Odyssey by Stanley Kubrick free essay sample

Analyzes 1968 science fiction film as expression of social yearning for cosmic, mythic connection, using [E.T.] as another example. Janet Hocker Rushing refers to a yearning for wholeness in our time, something that all cultures have longed for in some degree. Our own age is seen as one of fragmentation, secularization, and an absence of unity, leaving us with a modern need for transcendence such as has been noted by a number of writers. Rushing finds that we seek this sense of the transcendent in our entertainment and our art, and she refers to the fact that our modern audiences find transcendence addressed in movies, notably science fiction films that make a cosmic connection in mythic form. She cites E.T. as one particular representative of this genre, and she applies what she calls the perennial philosophy to this film, as will be done here with reference to another science fiction film of an earlier era and one of the first to make this mythic connection most directly

Alcoholism Essays (2846 words) - Drinking Culture, Alcoholism

Alcoholism Alcoholism, Alcohol is liquid distilled product of fermented fruits, grains and vegetables used as solvent, antiseptic and sedative for potential abuse. Possible effects are intoxication, sensory alteration, and anxiety reduction. Symptoms of overdose staggering, odor of alcohol on breath, loss of coordination, slurred speech, dilated pupils, fetal alcohol syndrome in babies, and nerve and liver damage. Withdrawal Syndrome is first sweating, tremors then altered perception, followed by psychosis, fear, and finally auditory hallucinations. Indications of possible miss-use are confusion, disorientation, and loss of motor nerve control, convulsions, shock, shallow respiration, involuntary defecation, drowsiness, respiratory depression and possible death. Alcohol is also known as Booze, Juice, Brew, Vino, and Sauce. Most people know why alcohol is abused some reasons are relaxation, sociability, and cheap high. Alcohol is a depressant that decreases the responses of the central nervous system. Alcoholism is a disease that has been destroying people's lives mentally, physically and emotionally throughout the entire world since the early 18th century. Sometimes people get the idea that alcohol abuse and alcoholism are the same thing. The National Council on Alcoholism says "Alcohol Abuse" a problem to solve. Alcoholism a disease to conquer. Alcohol Abuse is the misuse of the substance, alcohol. You know you are abusing an alcoholic substance when you continue to use it, even though you're having social or personal problems because of your use. You still use it even though it's causing you physical problems. Using it the way you do is causing you legal problems. You don't live up to major responsibilities on the job or in your family. Alcoholism is being addicted, or dependent on alcohol. You may be dependent on alcohol if any three of the following are true. You have to use larger and larger amounts of it to get drunk. You have withdrawal when you try to stop or cut down. You use it much more and for longer times than you really want to. You can't seem to cut back and feel a strong need or craving for it. You spend a lot of your time just getting the substance. You'd rather use than work or be with friends and family. You keep using, no matter what. The National Council on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism estimates based on research, that a Blood Alcohol Concentration between .02 and .04 makes your chances of being in a single-vehicle fatal crash 1.4 times higher than for someone who has not had a drink. If your BAC is between .05 and .09, you are 11.1 times more likely to be in a fatal single vehicle crash, and 48 times more likely at a BAC between .10 and .14. If you've got a BAC of .15, your risk of being in a single-vehicle fatal crash is estimated to be 380 times higher than a non-drinker's. Recent research is showing that true substance dependence may be caused, in part, by brain chemistry deficiencies. That is one reason that substance dependence is considered a disease. Excessive drinking can cause liver damage and psychotic behavior. As little as two beers or drinks can impair coordination and thinking. Alcohol is often used by substance abusers to enhance the effects of other drugs. Alcohol continues to be the most frequently abused substance among young adults. Alcohol abuse is a pattern of problem drinking that results in health consequences, social, problems, or both. However, alcoholism refers to a disease that is characterized by alcohol-seeking behavior that leads to the loss of control while drinking. Short-term effects of alcohol use include distorted vision, hearing, and coordination. Long-term effects of heavy alcohol use include: loss of appetite, vitamin deficiencies, stomach ailments, skin problems, sexual impotence, liver damage, heart and central nervous system damage. Using alcohol to escape problems, a change in personality, turning from Dr. Jekyl to Mr. Hyde, a high tolerance level blackouts, sometimes not remembering what happened while drinking, problems at work or in school as a result of drinking, concern shown by family and friends about drinking. As with other diseases, there is the possibility of taking medicine to get better. There is now promising evidence that taking medicine can correct some of the deficiencies that may cause drug dependence. It is beginning to look like a combination of the right medicine along with talking therapy and behavior therapy, will help us treat this disease, as we have never before been able to. One drug is Naltrexone, sometimes known as ReVia. Fluoxetine (Prozac) and Desipramine (Norpramin) have also shown promise. Alcohol abuse is also a serious medical and social problem, but is not the